Being Fully Electric is Just Not Enough
For BEVs, well-to-tank emissions rely on the power mix and hence on the country where the vehicle is charged. For fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs), well-to-tank emissions depend on hydrogen production technology. As the production of hydrogen shifts to full decarbonisation, FCEV emissions will decrease until they are virtually CO₂-free.
Moreover, fuel cells require significantly less raw materials compared to batteries and combustion engines. They are cobalt-free, and research has shown that sustainability targets should include using less platinum than in a comparable diesel vehicle.
The Cost of Action
An effective action plan would cost 1% of the GDP of the EU28.
The Cost of Inaction
If no action is taken, between 5% and 20% of the EU28’s GDP would be lost.
Source: Jenné, P. and Pecqueur, M., 2021. RUN ON WATER, the hydrogen way. 1st ed. hydrogeneurope.eu, p.53.